Penetration-determining device for asphalt



L. M. LAW.

PENETRATION DETERMINING DEVICE FOR ASPHALT.-

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 13. 1919.

Patented Jan. 25, 1921.

UNITED v STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEROY in. LAW,

ASPHALT REFINING 00., or NEW DAKOTA.

OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNITED STATES YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF SOUTH PENETRATION-DETERMINING DEVICE .FOR ASPHALT.

Application filed March 13, 1919. Serial No. 282,388.

lators of that type in which concentrically mounted disks or equivalent elements are provided, which disks carry markings or .legends adapted to be positioned adjacent or in predetermined relation to one another, certain of the disks being provided with suitable apertures through which certain characters indicative of a predetermined result may be read.

In the embodiment of the invention dis= closed herein, the device is adapted to the specific purpose of determining the consistency, or,

as it is known in the art penetration of bituminous or similar compositions, in order to insure the selection of that composition, best adapted for constructing certain classes of roadway under certain known conditions of trafiic and climate.

The present embodiment of the invention comprises a base'portion laid off or arranged in sectors and having mounted thereon two disks of successivelylarger diameters having sectors defined on their surfaces, but it is to be' understood that a greater number of disks may be so mounted, and, furthermore, that they may be mounted upon both faces of the base portion if desired. It will be obvious the shape of the disks may be changed and reading openings and legends variously disposed without departing from m invention.

eferring tothe drawings, like numbers indicating like parts in the several views:

Figure 1 shows the three disks in separated gondition;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the disks assembled and set for reading;

Fig-.- 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of %ig. 4c is a sectional view showing disks on-both sides of a base.

The base portion 10 comprises a block or disk of Wood, cardboard, fiber or other suitable material, sa'd base 10 having on its face, suitable characters or legends 11 arranged in the peripheral margin thereof, whichlegends indicate standard roadway constructions. Radially disposed from the center of the baseportion- 10 are series of numerals designated as 12 in the drawing. These legends and characters on the base 10 are, as shown in. Fig. 1, arranged in sectors each legend having at the inner end of its sector anappropriate group of numeralscircularly arranged and radially alined.

concentrically and rotatably mounted on the base portion 10 is a disk 13 of smaller diameter than the base portion 10, bearing in certain spaced relation on its peripheral margin certain legends 14L indicating climatic or temperature conditions, and having Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J 25 192 apertures 15, through which the numerals I upon the face of the base portion 10 may be read when said disk 13 is brought to proper position. It will be seen that the number of legends or sectors on the disk 13 is one less than those on the base. 1V ith this arrangement no confusion in reading the legends on the base and disk will occur, for when one of the disk legends is in registry with a base legend, the other legends on the disk are thrown out of registry, and do not give a registered reading.

concentrically and rotatably mounted with'respect to said disk 13, is a third disk 16 of still smaller diameter bearing on its upper-face and in certain spaced relation on the peripheral margin thereof certain legends and markings 17 which indicate various usual traffic conditions. The said disk 16 has therethrough suitably disposed apertures 18 which are adapted, upon rotationof the disks, to register with the apertures 15 in the lower disk 13 and thereby permit a reading of the numerals 12 on the face of the disk 10. This second disk has the same number of legends as the first and when the two disks are brought into registry with the leg- -end on the base to give a reading, theoth'er brought to the position shown in Fig. 2'

with the radial boundary line of the registered contrasting areas in alinement with the dividingline on the base or lower disk 10, the temperature and tratiic conditions are inproper position with respect to the roadway legend appearing on the lower disk or base 10. By providing these contrasting areas, positioning of the disks vfor proper reading with respect to any oi the roadway constructions specified is comparatively easy,' and the said areas 20 are so proportioned as that when any two are registered and the disks are brought to a reading position with respect to any specified roadway construction, the other contrasting areas and legends are offset and do not give a reading relation of legends or numerals. In other words, the constrasting areas 20 serve as a guide for positioning the disks and eliminate any chance of nus-reading.

The use ot'the device is follows:

When it is desired to ascertain the penetration or consistency of the mixture to be used in making a roadway of certain material or composition; the climatic and trafiic conditions being known, the legend for the class of roadway on the base portion, the temperature or climatic legend on the nest upper disk, and the traffic legend on the third disk, are positioned in registering relation radially, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, by rotation of the disks. The result, which is the penetration or consistency of the composition best suited to that particular class of roadway under the climatic and traflic conditions indicated, may then be read immediately below the registered legends through the reading apertures described.

In the example shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the device is set to ascertain the penetration. desirable in an asphalt macadam (hot mix) roadway; under the climatic conditions where moderate temperatures prevail, and where there is moderate traflic. For these conditions, as indicated by the number appearing through the reading. apertures, a penetration of seventy-five is the most satisfactory.

In Fig. 4 the device is shown as having two sets of disks, one on either side of the base or central disk 21, a single fastening means 22 serving to fasten both setsof disks in place. It Will be obvious that this ar rangement increases the capacity of the device and doubles the computations which can bemade.

This device is of practical value to highway engineers and all road makers, as it shows at a glance and in a simple and easily understandable form the penetration i'o' all standard composition roadways under different temperatures and trailic conditions. It should also be noted that this device is so constructed that for the sake of accuracy and to prevent confusion and mistakes on the part of the person using the alculator, that when the legends are positioned adjacent one another for computation, all other elements necessary to a computation are out of position. This is illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings and holds true "for all positions to which the calculator may be set.

Such changes in construction and disposition of parts as are within range of niechanical skill may, ofcourse, be n'iade without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I'claim:

1. In a device of the class described, a base having its face arranged to present a plurality oi. sectors; a legeiid at the outer edge of said base opposite each sector and a plural series oi characters arranged at the inner portion of each s'ectorza disk of smaller area than said base rotatably mounted thereon and having adjacent its edge a less number of legends than the number of legends on said base, any one of which disk legends is adapted to register with any of the lengends on said base, said disk being provided in its central portion with radially off-set slots, one for each series of characters; and a second disk of smaller area than said first named disk rotatably mounted on said base and having legends equal in number to the legends on said first-named disk adjacent its edge adapted to register with any of the legends on said first-named disk and any one of the legends on said base, said second disk having slots therein, any one of which is adapted to register with any one of the radially off set slots to permit selective reading of the characters in any one of the sector areas on the said base when said disks are brought to predetermined positions.

2. In a device of the class described, a base having its face arranged to present a plurality of sectors; a legend at the outer edge of said base opposite each sector and a plural series of characters arranged at the inner portion of each sector; a disk of smaller area than said base rotatably mounted thereon and having adjacent its edge a less number of legends than the number of legends on said base which are separated from one another by contrasting areas and any one of which disk legends is adapted to register with any of the legends'on said base, said disk being provided in its central portion with radiallyoif-set slots, one for each series of characters; and a second disk of smaller area than said first-named disk rotatably mounted on said base and having legends on said base, said second disk having slots therein any one of which is adapted to register with'any one of theradially off-set slots to permit selective reading of the characters in any one of the sector areas on the said base when-said disks are brought to predetermined positions.

3. In a device of the class described, a circular base having a plurality of legends circumferentially arranged at its outer edge and a plural series'of characters circularly disposed at its central portion; a disk of smaller diameter than said base rotatably mounted thereon and having a less number of legends than the number on said base circumferentially arranged at its outer edge any one of which, is adapted to register with any one of the legends on said base, said disk being provided with slots adapted to register with the centrally disposed characters on said base; and a second disk of smaller diameter than said first-named disk having legends arranged at its outer edge equal in number to the legends on said firstnamed disk and adapted to register theresecond disk' of with and with the legends on said base, said second disk having slots any one of which is adapted to register with the slots in said first-named disk to permit selective readings of the characters on said base.

4. In a device of the class described, a base having a plurality of circumferentially disposed legends at its edge and a plurality of characters at its central portion; a disk of smaller area than said base having a plurality of legends less in number than the legends on said base at its outer edge, any

one of which legends can be brought into register with any legend on said base with the other legends on said disk out of registry with the other legends on said base, said disk having a reading slot therethrough for said centrally disposed characters; and a smaller area than said firstnamed disk provided with legends at its edge, any one of which may be brought into register with any one of the legends on said first-named disk and said base and a slot'in said second disk adapted toregister with the slot in said first-named disk.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

LEROY M. LAW 

